I. Reading, страница 120, часть 1 - гдз по английскому языку 8 класс учебник Демченко, Севрюкова

I. READING

1. a. Read the text and say what event these words refer to.

Black Friday vs Buy Nothing Day

World War II; against consumerism; Canada; shopping for gifts; cut up credit cards; big sales; long queues; 6 a.m.; a Christmas zombie walk; open at midnight; post on social media

Black Friday is the day after Thanksgiving in the United States. The name “Black Friday” started to be used sometime after World War II, but it was not popular outside of Philadelphia until around 1975.

Many Americans see Black Friday as the official beginning of the Christmas holiday season, a time when many people go shopping for gifts to give to their family and friends on Christmas Day. On Black Friday, many stores have big sales, and it is common to see long lines (Br.E. “queues”) of people waiting outside stores to get the best deals first before they run out. Because of this, stores usually open around 6 a.m. or later. Some stores, though, started opening at 5 a.m. and even 4 a.m. in the late 20th century. Now, a few stores even open at midnight. Shoppers like to stay out all day to get what they need, making Black Friday the busiest shopping day of the year.

On the first Monday after the long weekend is Cyber Monday, when many people go online shopping.

Buy Nothing Day is observed every year on the day after Thanksgiving. This day is part of a movement against consumerism, encouraging people to change their purchasing habits, to consume, and produce less. Buy Nothing Day started in Canada in September 1992 as a way to protest the madness of Black Friday shopping.

Instead of shopping, some people stay at home and relax. Others cut up credit cards or even stop shoppers from shopping by pushing their shopping cart around a store over and over while purchasing nothing. One way to show support for this day is to organise a Christmas Zombie walk, which demonstrates consumers’ blind obsession (слепая одержимость / сляпая анантанасиъ) with shopping. They use #BuyNothingDay to post on social media. Buy Nothing Day is described as a way for people to ask the question, “Do I need this?”

So, what holiday will you be celebrating this year?

b. Answer the questions.

1. What are Black Friday, Cyber Monday, and Buy Nothing Day?

2. When did Black Friday become popular outside Philadelphia?

3. Why are there long queues of people outside shops on Black Friday?

4. When do stores open on Black Friday?

5. When is Buy Nothing Day observed?

6. When did Buy Nothing Day start? Why?

7. What do people do on this day?

8. What is the aim of a Christmas Zombie walk?

b. Ответьте на вопросы.

Ответ:

1. Black Friday is the day after Thanksgiving, considered the official start of the Christmas shopping season with big sales. Cyber Monday is the first Monday after the Thanksgiving weekend, when many people do online shopping. Buy Nothing Day is a day of protest against consumerism, observed on the same day as Black Friday.

2. Black Friday became popular outside of Philadelphia around 1975.

3. There are long queues of people outside shops on Black Friday to get the best deals first before they run out.

4. On Black Friday, stores usually open around 6 a.m. or later, but some open as early as 5 a.m., 4 a.m., or even at midnight.

5. Buy Nothing Day is observed every year on the day after Thanksgiving.

6. Buy Nothing Day started in Canada in September 1992 as a way to protest the madness of Black Friday shopping.

7. On this day, people might stay at home and relax, cut up credit cards, stop shoppers by pushing an empty shopping cart around a store, or organise a Christmas Zombie Walk.

8. The aim of a Christmas Zombie Walk is to demonstrate consumers' blind obsession with shopping.

Перевод:

1. Чёрная пятница — это день после Дня благодарения, который считается официальным началом сезона рождественских покупок с большими скидками. Киберпонедельник — это первый понедельник после выходных Дня благодарения, когда многие люди совершают покупки в интернете. День без покупок — это день протеста против потребительства, отмечаемый в тот же день, что и Чёрная пятница.

2. Чёрная пятница стала популярной за пределами Филадельфии примерно в 1975 году.

3. Длинные очереди людей у магазинов в Чёрную пятницу выстраиваются для того, чтобы первыми получить лучшие предложения, пока они не закончились.

4. В Чёрную пятницу магазины обычно открываются около 6 утра или позже, но некоторые открываются уже в 5 утра, 4 утра или даже в полночь.

5. День без покупок отмечается каждый год в день после Дня благодарения.

6. День без покупок зародился в Канаде в сентябре 1992 года как способ протеста против безумия шопинга в Чёрную пятницу.

7. В этот день люди могут оставаться дома и отдыхать, разрезать кредитные карты, мешать покупателям, катая пустую тележку по магазину, или организовывать «Рождественскую прогулку зомби».

8. Цель «Рождественской прогулки зомби» — продемонстрировать слепую одержимость потребителей шопингом.